Heroin overdoseDefinition: Heroin is an illegal street drug that is is very addictive. This article discusses overdose due to heroin. An overdose is when you take more than the normal or recommended amount of something, usually a drug. An overdose may result in serious, harmful symptoms or death.
Alternative Names: Acetomorphine overdose; Diacetylmorphine overdose
Where Found: Heroin is made from morphine. Morphine is a powerful drug, and it naturally occurs in the seedpods of Asian (opium) poppy plants. Street names for heroin include "junk," "smack," and "skag." See also: Morphine overdose
Symptoms: - Airways and lungs
- Eyes, ears, nose, and throat
- Dry mouth
- Extremely small pupils, sometimes as small as the head of a pin ("pinpoint pupils")
- Tongue discoloration
- Heart and blood
- Low blood pressure
- Weak pulse
- Skin
- Stomach and intestines
- Nervous system
Home Treatment: Seek immediate medical help. Do NOT make a person throw up unless told to do so by poison control or a health care professional.
Before Calling Emergency: Determine the following information: - The patient's age, weight, and condition
- The name of the product (ingredients and strengths if known)
Poison Control, or a local emergency number: The National Poison Control Center (1-800-222-1222) can be called from anywhere in the United States. This national hotline number will let you talk to experts in poisoning. They will give you further instructions. This is a free and confidential service. All local poison control centers in the United States use this national number. You should call if you have any questions about poisoning or poison prevention. It does NOT need to be an emergency. You can call for any reason, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. See: Poison control center - emergency number
What to expect at the emergency room: The health care provider will measure and monitor the patient's vital signs, including temperature, pulse, breathing rate, and blood pressure. Symptoms will be treated as appropriate. The patient may receive: - Breathing support
- Fluids by IV
- Laxative
- Medicine, called a narcotic antagonist, to counteract the effects of the heroin (multiple doses, if needed)
Expectations (prognosis): If an antidote can be given, recovery from an acute overdose occurs within 24-48 hours. Because heroin is commonly injected into a vein, there are health concerns related to sharing contaminated needles. Sharing contaminated needles can lead to hepatitis, HIV infection, and AIDs.
References: National Institute on Drug Abuse Research Report Series: Heroin Abuse and Addiction. National Clearinghouse on Alcohol and Drug Information. October 1997. NIH Publications No. 05-4165. Revised May 2005.
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